Ihe ndị na-emetọ ihe ndị a na-ewepụ bụ isi ihe ndị a: igwe ojii agba na ihe mgbaze organic nke agba fesa na-emepụta, na ihe mgbaze organic nke a na-emepụta mgbe a na-akpọnwụ nkụ. Igwe ojii agba na-esikarị n'akụkụ mkpuchi ihe mgbaze na ikuku fesa, ihe mejupụtara ya kwekọrọ na mkpuchi ejiri mee ihe. Ihe mgbaze organic na-esikarị n'ihe mgbaze na ihe mgbaze organic na-esi n'usoro ojiji nke mkpuchi, ọtụtụ n'ime ha bụ ikuku na-agbanwe agbanwe, ihe ndị na-emetọ ha bụ isi bụ xylene, benzene, toluene na ndị ọzọ. Ya mere, isi iyi nke gas mkpofu na-emerụ ahụ nke a na-ewepụta na mkpuchi bụ ụlọ agba fesa, ụlọ nkụ na ụlọ nkụ.
1. Usoro ọgwụgwọ gas mkpofu nke ahịrị mmepụta ụgbọala
1.1 Usoro ọgwụgwọ nke gas mkpofu organic n'oge usoro nkụcha
Gas a na-ewepụta site na electrophoresis, mkpuchi etiti na mkpuchi elu bụ nke gas mkpofu dị elu na oke okpomọkụ, nke dabara adaba maka usoro ọkụ. Ugbu a, usoro ọgwụgwọ gas mkpofu a na-ejikarị eme ihe n'usoro nkụ gụnyere: teknụzụ oxidation okpomọkụ regenerative (RTO), teknụzụ ọkụ catalytic regenerative (RCO), na sistemụ ọkụ ọkụ TNV recovery.
1.1.1 Teknụzụ oxidation okpomọkụ nke ụdị nchekwa okpomọkụ (RTO)
Oxidator okpomọkụ (Regenerative Thermal Oxidizer, RTO) bụ ngwaọrụ nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi nke na-azọpụta ike maka ịgwọ gas mkpofu organic na-agbanwe agbanwe nke dị n'etiti na nke dị ala. Dabara adaba maka nnukwu olu, obere mkpokọta, dabara adaba maka mkpokọta gas mkpofu organic n'etiti 100 PPM-20000 PPM. Ọnụ ego ọrụ ahụ dị ala, mgbe mkpokọta gas mkpofu organic karịrị 450 PPM, ngwaọrụ RTO achọghị itinye mmanụ enyemaka; ọnụego nhicha dị elu, ọnụego nhicha nke RTO akwa abụọ nwere ike iru karịa 98%, ọnụego nhicha nke RTO akwa atọ nwere ike iru karịa 99%, enweghị mmetọ nke abụọ dịka NOX; njikwa akpaka, ọrụ dị mfe; nchekwa dị elu.
Ngwaọrụ oxidation okpomọkụ na-emegharị ahụ na-eji usoro oxidation okpomọkụ eme ihe iji gwọọ oke na obere mkpokọta gas mkpofu organic, a na-ejikwa ihe mgbanwe okpomọkụ seramiiki na-echekwa okpomọkụ iji weghachite okpomọkụ ahụ. Ihe mejupụtara ya bụ akwa nchekwa okpomọkụ seramiiki, valvụ njikwa akpaka, ụlọ ọkụ na sistemụ njikwa. Isi ihe ndị dị na ya bụ: a na-ejikọ valvụ njikwa akpaka na ala akwa nchekwa okpomọkụ na paịpụ isi nnabata na paịpụ isi ikuku n'otu n'otu, a na-echekwa akwa nchekwa okpomọkụ site na ikpo ọkụ gas mkpofu organic na-abata n'ime akwa nchekwa okpomọkụ na ihe nchekwa okpomọkụ seramiiki iji nara ma wepụta okpomọkụ; a na-etinye gas mkpofu organic nke a na-eme ka ọ dị ọkụ ruo okpomọkụ ụfọdụ (760℃) na ọkụ nke ụlọ ọkụ iji mepụta carbon dioxide na mmiri, a na-emekwa ka ọ dị ọcha. Isi ihe owuwu RTO nke nwere akwa abụọ nwere otu ụlọ ọkụ, akwa nkwakọ ngwaahịa seramiiki abụọ na valvụ mgbanwe anọ. Ihe mgbanwe okpomọkụ seramiiki na-emegharị ahụ na ngwaọrụ ahụ nwere ike ime ka mgbake okpomọkụ dịkwuo elu karịa 95%; A na-eji enweghị mmanụ ọkụ ma ọ bụ obere mgbe a na-agwọ gas mkpofu organic.
Uru: N'ịnagide oke mmiri na obere mkpokọta nke gas mkpofu organic, ọnụ ahịa ọrụ dị obere nke ukwuu.
Ihe ọghọm: nnukwu itinye ego otu oge, oke okpomọkụ ọkụ, adabaghị maka ọgwụgwọ nke oke mkpokọta gas mkpofu organic, enwere ọtụtụ akụkụ na-agagharị, chọrọ ọrụ mmezi karịa.
1.1.2 Teknụzụ ọkụ na-ere ọkụ (RCO)
A na-etinye ngwaọrụ ọkụ na-eme ka ihe na-agbapụta ọkụ (Regenerative Catalytic Oxidizer RCO) ozugbo na nhazi gas mkpofu organic na nke dị elu (1000 mg/m3-10000 mg/m3). Teknụzụ ọgwụgwọ RCO dabara adaba karịsịa maka nnukwu ọchịchọ maka ọnụego mgbake okpomọkụ, mana ọ dịkwa mma maka otu ahịrị mmepụta ahụ, n'ihi ngwaahịa dị iche iche, nhazi gas mkpofu na-agbanwekarị ma ọ bụ mkpokọta gas mkpofu na-agbanwe nke ukwuu. Ọ dabara nke ọma maka mkpa maka mgbake ike okpomọkụ nke ụlọ ọrụ ma ọ bụ ọgwụgwọ gas mkpofu n'ahịrị ọkpọkọ, enwere ike iji mgbake ike maka ahịrị ọkpọkọ nkụ, iji mezuo ebumnuche nke ịchekwa ike.
Teknụzụ ọgwụgwọ ọkụ catalytic regenerative bụ mmeghachi omume usoro gas-solid nkịtị, nke bụ n'ezie oxidation miri emi nke ụdị oxygen reactive. N'ime usoro oxidation catalytic, adsorption nke elu nke catalytic na-eme ka molekul reactant baa ọgaranya n'elu ihe na-akpali akpali. Mmetụta nke ihe na-akpali akpali n'ibelata ike mkpali na-eme ka mmeghachi omume oxidation dịkwuo ngwa ngwa ma melite ọnụego nke mmeghachi omume oxidation. N'okpuru ọrụ nke ihe na-akpali akpali kpọmkwem, ihe ndị dị ndụ na-eme na-enweghị ọkụ oxidation na-enweghị okpomọkụ mmalite dị ala (250~300℃), nke a na-agbaze ka ọ bụrụ carbon dioxide na mmiri, ma na-ewepụta nnukwu ike okpomọkụ.
Ngwaọrụ RCO bụ nke mejupụtara ahụ ọkụ, ahụ nchekwa okpomọkụ nke catalytic, sistemụ ọkụ, sistemụ njikwa akpaka, valvụ akpaka na ọtụtụ sistemụ ndị ọzọ. N'ime usoro mmepụta ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, gas ikuku organic a gbapụrụ agbapụ na-abanye na valvụ na-agbagharị nke akụrụngwa site na fan draft nke etinyere, a na-ekewapụkwa gas ntinye na gas ọpụpụ kpamkpam site na valvụ na-agbagharị agbagharị. Nchekwa ike okpomọkụ na mgbanwe okpomọkụ nke gas fọrọ nke nta ka ọ ruo okpomọkụ nke catalytic oxidation nke oyi akwa catalytic setịpụrụ; gas ikuku ahụ na-aga n'ihu na-ekpo ọkụ site na mpaghara okpomọkụ (ma ọ bụ site na ọkụ eletrik ma ọ bụ okpomọkụ gas eke) ma na-anọgide na okpomọkụ edobere; ọ na-abanye na oyi akwa catalytic iji mezue mmeghachi omume oxidation catalytic, ya bụ, mmeghachi omume ahụ na-emepụta carbon dioxide na mmiri, ma na-ewepụta nnukwu ike okpomọkụ iji nweta mmetụta ọgwụgwọ achọrọ. Gas nke oxidation na-eme ka ọ banye na oyi akwa seramiiki 2, a na-ewepụkwa ike okpomọkụ n'ime ikuku site na valvụ rotary. Mgbe emechara nhicha ahụ, okpomọkụ ikuku ahụ mgbe emechara nhicha ahụ dị ntakịrị elu karịa okpomọkụ tupu ọgwụgwọ gas mkpofu. Sistemụ ahụ na-arụ ọrụ mgbe niile ma na-agbanwe na akpaghị aka. Site na ọrụ valvụ na-agbagharị agbagharị, akwa seramiiki niile na-emecha usoro okirikiri nke ikpo ọkụ, oyi na nhicha, enwere ike nweta ike okpomọkụ ahụ.
Uru: usoro dị mfe, akụrụngwa dị obere, ọrụ a pụrụ ịtụkwasị obi; arụmọrụ dị elu nke nhicha, n'ozuzu ya karịrị 98%; obere okpomọkụ ọkụ; obere itinye ego a na-atụfu, obere ọnụ ahịa ọrụ, arụmọrụ mgbake okpomọkụ nwere ike iru ihe karịrị 85%; usoro niile na-enweghị mmepụta mmiri mkpofu, usoro nhicha anaghị emepụta mmetọ nke abụọ nke NOX; Enwere ike iji ngwa nhicha RCO na ụlọ nkụ, enwere ike iji gas dị ọcha mee ihe ọzọ ozugbo n'ime ụlọ nkụ, iji mezuo ebumnuche nke ịchekwa ike na mbelata mwepụta;
Ihe ọghọm: ngwaọrụ ọkụ catalytic dị mma naanị maka ọgwụgwọ gas mkpofu organic nwere obere ihe organic na-esi mmiri na obere ntụ, ọgwụgwọ gas mkpofu nke ihe na-arapara dịka anwụrụ mmanụ adịghị mma, a ga-etinyekwa ihe na-akpali akpali n'ahụ; mkpokọta gas mkpofu organic dị n'okpuru 20%.
Sistemụ ọkụ ọkụ nke ụdị mmegharị 1.1.3TNV
Sistemụ ọkụ ọkụ nke ụdị mmegharị (German Thermische Nachverbrennung TNV) bụ iji gas ma ọ bụ mmanụ ọkụ kpọmkwem ọkụ ọkụ gas mkpofu nwere ihe mgbaze organic, n'okpuru ọrụ nke okpomọkụ dị elu, mkpụrụ ndụ ihe mgbaze organic oxidation nkewa n'ime carbon dioxide na mmiri, gas flue dị elu site na ịkwado ngwaọrụ nnyefe okpomọkụ dị iche iche usoro mmepụta ọkụ chọrọ ikuku ma ọ bụ mmiri ọkụ, mkpofu oxidation zuru oke nke gas mkpofu organic ike okpomọkụ, belata oriri ike nke sistemụ dum. Ya mere, sistemụ TNV bụ ụzọ dị irè na nke kachasị mma iji gwọọ gas mkpofu nwere ihe mgbaze organic mgbe usoro mmepụta chọrọ ike okpomọkụ dị ukwuu. Maka ahịrị mmepụta mkpuchi agba electrophoretic ọhụrụ, a na-ejikarị usoro mkpofu okpomọkụ mgbake TNV eme ihe.
Sistemụ TNV nwere akụkụ atọ: sistemu ikpo ọkụ na ọkụ gas, sistemu kpo oku ikuku na-agagharị na sistemu mgbanwe okpomọkụ ikuku ọhụrụ. Ngwaọrụ kpo oku gas mkpofu na sistemu bụ isi akụkụ nke TNV, nke mejupụtara ahụ ọkụ, ụlọ ọkụ, ihe mgbanwe okpomọkụ, ihe ọkụ na valvụ na-achịkwa flue isi. Usoro ọrụ ya bụ: site na fan isi nrụgide dị elu, gas mkpofu organic site na ụlọ nkụ, mgbe emechara ihe mkpofu gas mkpofu, ngwaọrụ kpo oku etiti, ihe mgbanwe okpomọkụ arụnyere n'ime ya, na-ekpo ọkụ, na ụlọ ọkụ, wee site na ikpo ọkụ ọkụ, na okpomọkụ dị elu (ihe dị ka 750℃) ruo na mkpofu gas mkpofu organic, mmebi nke gas mkpofu organic n'ime carbon dioxide na mmiri. A na-ewepụta gas flue okpomọkụ dị elu site na ihe mgbanwe okpomọkụ na ọkpọkọ gas flue isi n'ime ọkụ. Gas flue a na-ewepụ na-ekpo ikuku na-agagharị n'ime ụlọ nkụ iji nye ike okpomọkụ achọrọ maka ụlọ nkụ. A na-etinye ngwaọrụ mbufe okpomọkụ ikuku ọhụrụ na njedebe nke sistemu ahụ iji weghachite okpomọkụ mkpofu nke sistemu maka mgbake ikpeazụ. A na-eji gas flue nke ụlọ nkụcha ahụ na-eme ka ikuku ọhụrụ dị n'ime ya kpoo ọkụ, wee ziga ya n'ime ụlọ nkụcha. Na mgbakwunye, enwere valvụ eletriki na-achịkwa ya na ọkpọkọ gas flue bụ isi, nke a na-eji emezi okpomọkụ gas flue na ebe a na-esi na ngwaọrụ ahụ pụta, a pụkwara ijikwa okpomọkụ gas flue ikpeazụ na ihe dịka 160℃.
Ihe ndị e ji mara ebe a na-ere gas mkpofu ihe mkpofu ihe mkpofu ihe mkpofu ihe mkpofu ihe mkpofu gụnyere: oge ọnụnọ nke gas mkpofu ihe ...
Ihe ọghọm: mgbe ị na-agwọ gas mkpofu organic nke nwere obere mkpokọta, ọnụ ahịa ọrụ dị elu; ihe mgbanwe okpomọkụ tubular na-arụ ọrụ naanị na-aga n'ihu, ọ na-adịte aka.
1.2 Usoro ọgwụgwọ nke gas mkpofu organic n'ime ụlọ ịgba agba na ụlọ nkụ
Gas a na-ewepụta site na ụlọ ịgba agba na ụlọ nkụ bụ obere mkpokọta, oke mmiri na gas mkpofu okpomọkụ ụlọ, ihe mejupụtara ihe ndị na-emerụ ahụ bụ hydrocarbons aromatic, alcohol ethers na ester organic solvents. Ugbu a, ụzọ mba ọzọ tozuru oke bụ: mkpokọta gas mkpofu organic mbụ iji belata mkpokọta gas mkpofu organic, yana usoro adsorption mbụ (carbon ma ọ bụ zeolite a na-arụ ọrụ dị ka adsorbent) maka obere mkpokọta nke adsorption agba ikuku ọkụ ụlọ, yana mwepụ gas okpomọkụ dị elu, gas ikuku ọkụ siri ike site na iji usoro ọkụ catalytic ma ọ bụ usoro ọkụ okpomọkụ na-emegharị emegharị.
1.2.1 Ngwaọrụ mmịpụta na nhicha nke carbon a na-arụ ọrụ
Iji mmanụ aṅụ eme ihe dị ka ihe na-eme ka mmanụ aṅụ dị ka ihe na-eme ka mmadụ ghara ịbanye n'ime mmiri, Ejikọtara ya na ụkpụrụ nke ịsacha ihe, imegharị ihe na ntinye nke VOC na ọkụ catalytic, Oke ikuku dị elu, obere mkpokọta nke gas mkpofu organic site na mmanụ aṅụ na-eme ka carbon dị n'ime mmiri iji mezuo ebumnuche nke ịsacha ikuku, Mgbe carbon a na-eme ihe jupụtara ma jiri ikuku ọkụ mee ka carbon dị n'ime mmiri dịghachi ndụ, A na-eziga ihe organic concentrated concentrated na akwa ọkụ catalytic maka ọkụ catalytic, A na-eme ka ihe organic dị ka carbon dioxide na mmiri na-adịghị emerụ ahụ, Gas ọkụ ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ site na ihe na-agbanwe okpomọkụ, Ụfọdụ mwepụ nke gas oyi mgbe mgbanwe okpomọkụ gasịrị, Akụkụ maka mmeghari desorbitory nke mmanụ aṅụ na-eme ka coal rụọ ọrụ, Iji mezuo ebumnuche nke iji okpomọkụ mkpofu na ịchekwa ike. Ngwaọrụ ahụ dum nwere nzacha tupu oge eruo, akwa adsorption, akwa ọkụ catalytic, retardancy ire ọkụ, fan metụtara ya, valvụ, wdg.
A na-emepụta ngwaọrụ nhicha nke carbon adsorption-desorption dịka ụkpụrụ abụọ bụ isi nke adsorption na catalytic combustion si dị, site na iji ụzọ gas abụọ na-aga n'ihu, ụlọ ọkụ catalytic, a na-eji akwa adsorption abụọ eme ihe n'otu oge. Mbụ, gas mkpofu organic nwere adsorption carbon activated, mgbe saturation ngwa ngwa kwụsị adsorption, wee jiri ikuku ọkụ wepụ ihe organic na carbon activated iji mee ka carbon activated renovation dịghachi ndụ; a na-etinye ihe organic ahụ n'ime ọtụtụ ugboro karịa nke mbụ ya (ntinye ahụ ọtụtụ ugboro karịa nke mbụ) ma zigara ya na catalytic combustion chamber catalytic combustion catalytic combustion n'ime carbon dioxide na mwepụta vapor mmiri. Mgbe mkpokọta nke organic mkpofu gas ruru ihe karịrị 2000 PPm, organic mkpofu gas nwere ike ịnọgide na-enwe ọkụ na-enweghị ihe na-ekpo ọkụ n'èzí. A na-ewepụ akụkụ nke combustion combustion gas n'ime ikuku, a na-ezigakwa ọtụtụ n'ime ya na adsorption bed maka imeghari nke carbon activated. Nke a nwere ike izute combustion na adsorption nke ike okpomọkụ achọrọ, iji mezuo ebumnuche nke ịchekwa ike. Mmụgharị ahụ nwere ike ịbanye na mmịpụta ọzọ; n'ime mmịpụta ahụ, enwere ike iji akwa mmịpụta ọzọ mee ọrụ nhicha ahụ, nke dabara adaba maka ma ọrụ na-aga n'ihu ma ọrụ na-aga n'ihu.
Arụmọrụ teknụzụ na njirimara ya: arụmọrụ kwụsiri ike, nhazi dị mfe, nchekwa na ntụkwasị obi, nchekwa ike na nchekwa ọrụ, enweghị mmetọ nke abụọ. Ngwaọrụ a na-ekpuchi obere mpaghara ma nwee obere ibu. Ọ dị mma maka ojiji na nnukwu olu. Akwa carbon a na-arụ ọrụ nke na-amịkọrọ gas mkpofu organic na-eji gas mkpofu mgbe ọkụ catalytic gasịrị maka iwepụ ihe mkpofu, a na-ezigakwa gas a na-ewepụ ihe mkpofu na ụlọ ọkụ catalytic maka ịsacha, na-enweghị ike mpụga, mmetụta nchekwa ike dịkwa oke mkpa. Ihe na-adịghị mma bụ na carbon a na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpụmkpụ ma ọnụ ahịa ọrụ ya dị elu.
1.2.2 Ngwaọrụ nhicha nke wiil mbufe Zeolite
Isi ihe dị na zeolite bụ: silicon, aluminom, nwere ikike adsorption, enwere ike iji dị ka adsorbent; zeolite na-agba ọsọ bụ iji njirimara nke oghere kpọmkwem zeolite yana ikike adsorption na desorption maka ihe ndị na-emerụ ahụ organic, ka gas ikuku VOC nwere obere ntinye na nnukwu ntinye, nwee ike ibelata ọnụ ahịa ọrụ nke ngwa ọgwụgwọ ikpeazụ azụ. Njirimara ngwaọrụ ya dabara adaba maka ọgwụgwọ nke nnukwu mmiri, obere ntinye, nwere ọtụtụ ihe organic. Ihe na-adịghị mma bụ na itinye ego mbụ dị elu.
Ngwa nhicha-ncha nke Zeolite na-agba ọsọ bụ ngwaọrụ nhicha gas nke nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ nnabata na mwepụ mgbe niile. E kewara akụkụ abụọ nke wiil zeolite n'ime mpaghara atọ site na ngwaọrụ mkpuchi pụrụ iche: mpaghara nnabata, mpaghara mwepụ (mmeghachi omume) na mpaghara jụrụ oyi. Usoro ọrụ nke sistemụ ahụ bụ: wiil zeolite na-agbagharị mgbe niile na obere ọsọ, Mgbasa site na mpaghara nnabata, mpaghara mwepụ (mmeghachi omume) na mpaghara jụrụ oyi; Mgbe obere ntinye na olu ikuku gas na-agafe na mpaghara nnabata nke onye na-agba ọsọ, VOC dị na gas ikuku na-agbagharị site na zeolite nke wiil na-agbagharị, Mwepụ ozugbo mgbe etinyere na nhicha; A na-eziga ihe mgbaze organic nke wiil ahụ na-abanye na mpaghara mwepụ (mmegharị) na ntụgharị nke wiil ahụ, Mgbe ahụ, site na obere olu ikuku na-ekpo ọkụ mgbe niile site na mpaghara mwepụ, a na-emegharị VOC nke a na-etinye na wiil ahụ na mpaghara mwepụ, a na-ewepụ gas ikuku VOC yana ikuku ọkụ; Enwere ike ịmịnye wiil ahụ gaa na mpaghara jụrụ oyi maka ime ka oyi dị jụụ ọzọ, Site na ntụgharị mgbe niile nke wiil na-agbagharị, a na-eme usoro mmịpụta, mmịpụta, na oyi, Hụ na ọgwụgwọ gas mkpofu na-aga n'ihu ma kwụsie ike.
Ngwaọrụ na-agba ọsọ zeolite bụ ihe na-eme ka ihe dị n'ime ya sie ike, a na-ekewakwa gas ikuku na-ekpo ọkụ nke nwere ihe mgbaze organic n'ime akụkụ abụọ: ikuku dị ọcha nke enwere ike ịpụpụ ozugbo, na ikuku a na-emegharị emegharị nke nwere nnukwu ihe mgbaze organic. Ikuku dị ọcha nke enwere ike ịpụpụ ozugbo ma enwere ike ịmegharị ya na sistemụ ikuku oyi na-ese agba; oke ikuku VOC dị ihe dị ka ugboro iri nke VOC tupu ọ banye na sistemụ ahụ. A na-agwọ gas a na-etinye n'ime ya site na ọkụ dị elu site na sistemụ ọkụ ọkụ TNV (ma ọ bụ ngwa ndị ọzọ). Okpomọkụ nke ọkụ na-emepụta bụ ịkpọ nkụ ụlọ na ikpo ọkụ zeolite n'otu n'otu, a na-ejikwa ike okpomọkụ ahụ nke ọma iji nweta mmetụta nke ịchekwa ike na mbelata mwepụta.
Arụmọrụ teknụzụ na njirimara ya: nhazi dị mfe, mmezi dị mfe, ogologo ndụ ọrụ; arụmọrụ nnabata na iwepụ ihe, gbanwee olu ikuku dị elu na obere mkpokọta VOC gas mkpofu ka ọ bụrụ obere ikuku na gas mkpofu dị elu, belata ọnụ ahịa akụrụngwa ọgwụgwọ ikpeazụ azụ; mbelata nrụgide dị oke ala, nwere ike ibelata oriri ike nke ukwuu; nkwadebe sistemụ na nhazi modular zuru oke, yana obere ihe achọrọ maka oghere, ma nye ụdị njikwa na-aga n'ihu na nke na-enweghị onye ọkwọ ụgbọala; ọ nwere ike iru ọkọlọtọ mwepụ mba; adsorbent na-eji zeolite na-abụghị ọkụ, ojiji ahụ dị nchebe; ọghọm ya bụ itinye ego otu ugboro yana ọnụ ahịa dị elu.
Oge ozi: Jenụwarị-03-2023
